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What Is HTML? Complete Beginner’s Introduction

SANDHYA

HTML Introduction

HTML kya hai aur ye kaise kaam karta hai

HTML ka full form hai HyperText Markup Language. Ye ek markup language hai jo browser ko ye batati hai ki content ka meaning kya hai aur usse kaise structure me dikhana hai. HTML ke bina browser sirf plain text dekhega, use ye pata nahi hoga ki kaunsa text heading hai, kaunsa paragraph hai ya kaunsa link.

Is chapter me hum HTML ke foundation concepts samjhenge. Ye concepts aage CSS, JavaScript, SEO aur frameworks sabke liye base banenge. Agar ye chapter clear ho gaya, to web development ka 50% confusion yahin khatam ho jata hai.

HTML Kya Hai?

HTML ek markup language hai, programming language nahi. Iska matlab ye hai ki HTML decisions, conditions ya calculations nahi karta. HTML ka main kaam hai content ko labels dena aur structure banana.

Browser HTML tags ko dekh kar decide karta hai:

  • Kaunsa text sabse important heading hai
  • Kaunsa text normal paragraph hai
  • Kaunsa content image, link ya list hai

Info:
Search engines jaise Google HTML structure ko read karke hi samajhte hain ki page kis topic par hai. Isliye HTML ko SEO ka backbone bola jata hai.

HTML Tags, Elements aur Attributes

HTML teen basic cheezon se milkar banta hai: tag, element aur attribute. Beginners aksar in teenon ko same samajh lete hain, jo galat hai.

  • Tag: Instruction hoti hai jaise <p>
  • Element: Opening tag + content + closing tag
  • Attribute: Extra information jo element ko deta hai

Tip:
Yahan title attribute browser aur screen readers dono ke liye extra meaning add karta hai.

Basic HTML Structure

Har valid HTML document ka ek fixed structure hota hai. Ye structure browser ko batata hai ki page kahan se start hota hai aur kaunsa content user ko dikhana hai.

  • <!DOCTYPE html> HTML5 version declare karta hai
  • <html> poore document ka root element hota hai
  • <head> SEO, meta data aur page title ke liye hota hai
  • <body> wo content hota hai jo user dekhta hai

SEO Insight:
Google <head> section se title, meta description aur language jaise signals read karta hai.

Common HTML Tags

HTML me hundreds of tags hote hain, lekin kuch tags har page me almost use hote hi hain.

  • <h1> – <h6> : Content hierarchy define karte hain
  • <p> : Text paragraphs ke liye
  • <a> : Internal aur external links
  • <img> : Images ke liye
  • <ul>, <ol>, <li> : Lists banane ke liye
  • <div>, <span> : Layout aur grouping ke liye

Tip:
Sirf <div> use karna easy hai, lekin semantic tags use karna long-term me better hota hai.

HTML Kaise Kaam Karta Hai?

Jab aap HTML file browser me open karte ho, browser sabse pehle code read karta hai, phir ek internal structure (DOM) banata hai, aur finally page ko render karta hai.

HTML content ko meaning deta hai, CSS us content ko style karta hai, aur JavaScript usme interaction add karta hai.

Result:
Sirf HTML ke through bhi aap clean, readable aur SEO-friendly page bana sakte ho.

Common Mistakes Beginners Make

  • Ek hi page me multiple <h1> use karna
  • Image me alt attribute skip karna
  • Tags ko proper close na karna
  • Headings order skip karna (h1 ke baad direct h4)

Warning:
Browser errors ignore kar sakta hai, lekin Google aur screen readers nahi.

Key Takeaways

  • HTML web ka foundation hai
  • Structure aur meaning HTML deta hai
  • SEO aur accessibility HTML se hi start hoti hai
  • Clean HTML likhna long-term success ke liye important hai
Next Chapter:
HTML Document Structure Deep Dive – Head, Meta Tags & SEO Signals

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